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西南大学培训与继续教育学院课程考试试题卷学期：2021年春季
课程名称【编号】：高级英语二 【0849】 A卷
考试类别:大作业 满分：100分
I. Reading Comprehension (20%)
Directions: In this part there are 2 passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage 1The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to” aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed.
There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modern Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than with any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analysis and even study, as this book indicates.1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that .
A. generalized principles for journalistic interviews are the chief concern for writers on journalism
B. concepts and contextual implications are of secondary importance to journalistic interviewing
C. importance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing
D. personal experiences and general impressions should be excluded from journalistic interviews
2. Much research has been done on interviews in general .
A. but journalistic interviewing as specific field has unfortunately been neglected
B. though the study of the interviewing techniques hasn’t received much attention
C. so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthened
D. and there has also been a dramatic growth in the study of journalistic interviewing
3. Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, .
A. but most of them wish to stay away from it
B. and many of them hope to be interviewed some day
C. but most of them may not have been interviewed in person
D. and many of them would like to acquire a true understanding of it
4. Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview?
A. The psychologist. B. The physician. C. The journalist. D. The patient.
5. The passage is most likely a part of .
A. a news article B. a preface
C. a research report D. a journalistic interviewPassage 2Less than a year ago, a new generation of diet pills seemed to offer the long-sought answer to our chronic weight problems. Hundreds of thousands of pound-conscious Americans had discovered that a drug combination known as “fen-phen” could shut off voracious appetites like magic, and the FDA had just approved a new drug, Redux, that did the same with fewer side effects. Redux would attract hundreds of thousands of new pill poppers within a few months.
But now the diet-drug revolution is facing a backlash. Some of the nation’s largest HMOs, including Aetna U.S. Healthcare and Prudential Healthcare have begun cutting back or eliminating reimbursement (退款补偿、报销) for both pills. Diet chains like Jenny Craig and Nutri/System are backing away from them too. Several states, meanwhile, have restricted the use of fen-phen. Last week the Florida legislature banned new prescriptions entirely and called on doctors to wean (使断绝) current patients from the drug within 30 days; it also put a 90-day limit on Redux prescriptions. Even New Jersey doctor Sheldon Levine, who touted Redux last year on TV and in his book The Redux Revolution, has stopped giving it to all but his most obese patients.
The reason for all the retrenchment (紧缩、删节): potentially lethal side effects. Over the summer, the FDA revealed that 82 patients had developed defects in their heart values while on fen-phen, and that seven patients had come down with the same condition on Redux.
As if that weren’t bad enough, physicians reported that a woman who had been taking fen-phen for less than a month died of primary pulmonary hypertension, a sometimes fatal lung condition already associated with Redux. And an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association last month confirmed earlier reports that both fen-phen and Redux can cause brain damage in lab animals.
These findings led the New England Journal to publish editorial admonishing doctors to prescribe the drugs only for patients with severe obesity. Meanwhile, FDA asked drug makers to put more explicit warnings on fen-phen and Redux labels. Since mid-July, prescriptions for fen-phen have dropped 56%, and those for Redux 36%, according to IMS America, a pharmaceutical market research firm. All that really does, however, is to bring the numbers down to where they should have been all along. Manufacturers said from the start that their pills offered a short-term therapy for the obese, not for people looking to fits or for smaller bathing suit. FDA approved Redux with just such a caveat, and when limited to these patients, the drugs may still make sense—despite the risks—because morbid obesity carries its own dangers, including heart disease, diabetes and stroke. Too often, however, Redux and fen-phen were peddled to all comers, almost like candy. The current backlash, says Levine, is a “roller coaster that never should have happened.” 6. The new pills seemed to be a solution to .
A. the problem of obesity that has obsessed the Americans for a long time
B. the problem that is of great weight and significance
C. the vital problem caused by the pills
D. the threatening situation we are facing in the long run
7. The statement “diet-drug revolution is facing a backlash” is supported by the following facts except .
A. diet chains and some of the HMOs have removed their support for the pills
B. some states have limited or forbidden the prescriptions of the diet pills
C. in Florida, patients are told to turn away from the use of fen-phen within a month
D. Sheldon Levine, a New Jersey doctor, touted one of the pills on TV and in his book
8. The worst case that revealed the fatal dark side of the diet pills is .
A. 82 patients on fen-phen and seven on Redux had developed heart defects
B. a woman patient on fen-phen had died of abnormally high blood pressure
C. a woman patient on fen-phen had died of a lung disease
D. both diet pills cause brain damage
9. New England Journal admonished doctors to .
A. give the pills only to the severely overweight persons
B. take the obese patients off the drugs completely
C. drop the prescriptions for the pills drastically
D. put clearer warnings on the drug labels
10. According to the drug manufacturers, the pills .
A. only offer temporary treatment for the morbid obesity
B. are meant for all the people who yearn for slimness
C. are too risky to be used
D. are the most important weight loss discoveriesIII. Translation (40%)
Directions: Choose ONE of the following passages and translate it into Chinese. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage 1:
? One of the major pleasures in life is appetite, and one of our major duties should be to preserve it. Appetite is the keenness of living; it is one of the senses that tells you that you are still curious to exist, that you still have an edge on your longings and want to bite into the world and taste its multitudinous flavors and juices. By appetite, of course, I don’t mean just the lust for food, but any condition of unsatisfied desire, any burning in the blood that proves you want more than you’ve got, and that you haven’t yet used up your life. Wilde said he felt sorry for those who never got their heart’s desire, but sorrier still for those who did. I got mine once only, and it nearly killed me, and I’ve always preferred wanting to having since.
?
Passage 2
At first, the tears came slowly; then, as she remembered all that had gone wrong, they streamed in great heaving sobs which shock her body. She cried for the past and present; for the home she had had and lost; for her children whom she could no longer keep with her; for D. O. who, despite his faults as a husband, and the failure to support his family, was at least familiar, but now had deserted her. She wept for what she herself had been and had become; for the fact that she had no money, nowhere to go but to the mean, cock-roach-infested rooms downtown, from which she would be evicted tomorrow, having nothing left – after the taxi ride and driver’s theft – from the pathetically small amount with which she had hoped to stave off the landlord … she was not even sure if she had enough small change to return downtown.III. Writing (40%)
Direction：
Travel has become part of our life. And more and more of us have come to know the significance of travel through our own experience. Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
Travel Broadens the Mind You are to write in three parts:
In the first part, state clearly what your view is.
In the second part, support your view with appropriate reasons.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks. |
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